The 40-196 is a 10 Channel 5A Fault Insertion Switch, primarily designed for the simulation of fault conditions in automotive & avionics applications involving the reliability testing of safety critical controllers. It is designed to be able to insert different fault conditions between the test fixture and the equipment under test: Open-Circuit, Short-Circuit between signal pairs, Short-Circuit between signal pairs and user applied fault conditions e.g. Power or GND. Shorting relays on each channel enable UUT signals to be subjected to external user applied fault conditions or to be shorted to the adjacent signal in the same channel. Relays in line with the signal allow open circuit conditions to be simulated on either side or both sides of a channel signal pair. The switching topology of the 40-196 allows channels to be interconnected so that complex fault insertion systems can be constructed.